Soviet Union collapsed in 1991 from Lehman Brothers to collapse in 2008 of these years, the globalization of the five major countries around the world have a common interest. The world capitalist system and had a communist system of points, a small group of rich countries and least developed countries constitute a large group consisting of the points, but now classified in the same economic system. In all a much-anticipated 20 years, globalization seems to indicate the living standards of various countries will be improved, the world will be more peaceful.
However, the economic collapse in 2008 changed the logic of international relations. In the new economic situation, led the major powers to accept that globalization is changing the win-win logic zero and logic, that is, a country's "get" seems to be another country's "lost." U.S. government and people have begun to question after the Cold War "new world order" is still good for America. More and more people believe that the rise of Asia means that the American people lose jobs, China is increasingly confident pose a challenge to American power.
1991 to 2008, optimistic era of Western so-called "liberal internationalists" concept as a basis. I think the idea was intended to only have five key elements of {. The first is convinced that the cause of democracy will continue to progress. This belief in Francis Fukuyama's "end of history" has been fully reflected. At that time, 1989, the Soviet Union about to collapse. Second confident that the market will overwhelm the government. That is what the rise of personal computers and the Internet age, so the third element is that the transformative power of technology will promote the prosperity, democracy and globalization. The fourth element is the "democratic peace" that the democracy and capitalism on the rise in the world, the risk of conflict between countries will disappear. The fifth idea that as long as the U.S. military determined, we can beat any country in the world.
Obama took office, supporting the confidence of the five United States have been hit concept. As export democracy to Iraq and Afghanistan, frustrated of action, the cause of freedom into a corner. 2008 economic and financial crisis has seriously shaken the confidence of the people of the free market. Technology revolution is no longer a panacea, because the technical means can not solve climate change and the military occupation of mechanisms. Russia vigorously the use of force, in August 2008 almost crushed the democratic Georgia. "Democratic Peace" no longer has the old persuasive. Finally, the U.S. military in Afghanistan and Iraq in trouble with the U.S. economy struggling, the U.S. invincible concept has also greatly reduced.
Beijing increasingly self-confident, the United States are becoming more pessimistic. In the January 2010 World Economic Forum in Davos, the president's chief economic adviser Larry Summers told the gather together the rich and, in 25 - 55 year-old American male workers, among them, one-fifth who is currently unemployed.
Summers said the culprit is one of China's trade policy. In the next year, the U.S. Congress called for sanctions against China "manipulated. Money," more and more noise behavior.
Tensions between China and the U.S. is the rise of zero-sum logic of the most typical example. Zero and logic also threaten the future of the EU.
The EU's aim is to win based on common economic interests replaced the logic relationship between the history of devastating hostilities. However, the 2008 crisis, Greece, Ireland and Spain, increasing public debt, leading to strained relations between EU member states, the EU's most proud of the results - one of the single European currency - the prospect of Mongolia a shadow.
On the reduction in spending from Germany under the pressure, the Greek leader said Greece during World War II Nazi occupation, and this is precisely the EU hopes to eliminate the terrible memory.
As a result of a series of dangerous global governance reform and economic issues, the new international tensions and conflicts around the corner, if these issues are not addressed, could lead to war, environmental catastrophe and a new economic disaster.
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